The distant galaxies are moving away from us, and most distant galaxies are moving faster(Hubble’s law). All galaxies are moving away from us and away from each other, that space itself is getting bigger. Scientists thought that the universe is expanding but slowing down in its expansion because of the gravitational field between massive objects! But the result was shocking !!!. The surprise is that they are not just expanding but also speeding up. The reason for the expansion and acceleration is that of what scientists call dark energy “the energy of empty space/nothing” as a repulsive force against gravity, and this energy pushes space itself. Einstein formed his general theory of relativity he tested it on the static universe(as was thought), but he couldn’t balance his equation to equal a static universe. Hence, the universe should be either expanding or contracting, then he proposed a cosmological constant, constant energy that would hold the universe imbalance. But, now, theoretical cosmologists aren’t sure if the universe is expanding because of the existence of dark matter which is this cosmological constant that Einstein proposed or it is another thing we still don't know or even reason of the expansion is because of a modification of Einstein’s general relativity, our theory of gravity.
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